Preexposure of Murine Macrophages to CpG Oligonucleotide Results in a Biphasic Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Response to Subsequent Lipopolysaccharide Challenge

Evaluation of Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Polymorphism Frequencies in Endometriosis

Background The pro-inflammatory cytokine, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), is a pathogenic element for a number of disorders. Previous studies have reported that the -1031 T/C and -238 G/A polymorphisms in the promoter region of the TNF-α gene are important factors in reproductive-related disorders. One of the most common gynecological diseases of women during the reproductive years is endo...

Tumor Necrosis Factor Alpha Macrophages To Produce Interleukin-1 and Streptococcal Histone Induces Murine

Streptococcal histone induces murine macrophages To produce interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha.

The histone-like protein (HlpA) is highly conserved among streptococci. After lysis of streptococci in infected tissues, HlpA can enter the bloodstream and bind to proteoglycans in the glomerular capillaries of kidneys, where it can react with antibodies or stimulate host cell receptors. Deposits of streptococcal antigens in tissues have been associated with localized acute inflammation. In thi...

Adaptation to bacterial lipopolysaccharide controls lipopolysaccharide-induced tumor necrosis factor production in rabbit macrophages.

These experiments provide an explanation for the observation that two intravenous injections of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) spaced 5 h apart in rabbits cause tumor necrosis factor/cachectin (TNF) levels to rise in the blood only after the first LPS injection. Herein we show that treatment of elicited peritoneal exudate rabbit macrophages (PEM) with two doses of LPS given 9 h apart results in a mar...

Macrophages release tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-12 in response to intracellular Bacillus anthracis spores.

Herein we report that infection of a murine macrophage cell line with Bacillus anthracis results in the production of tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin-12 (IL-12). When infected with B. anthracis spores in combination with lipopolysaccharide, macrophages release increased amounts of IL-12. We found no evidence of inhibition of cytokine responses in macrophages infected with B. anthrac...